Rule expressions are the data types, parameters and operators that make up rules.
Together, they represent what a rule looks for when processing a piece of content.
Data types
Integer
An Integer represents a whole number, without a fractional part.
Example: 42
Number
A Number represents a numerical value, with or without a fractional part (i.e. integer or float).
Examples: 42, 3.14
Boolean
Boolean is a data type that can have either of two values: true or false.
Example: true
String
A String represents a piece of text in between double quote characters.
Example: "This is just a piece of text"
Regular expression
Regular expressions can be used where a String value is expected. They can also be a part of an array.
Example: /[a-z]*/
Regular expressions support flags, so you can write: /[a-z]*/i .
The flag g for global search is implied by default.
Confusable
A word that is visually or semantically ambiguous due to the substitution of its characters with confusable characters—glyphs from different scripts (or even the same script) that look alike or nearly identical. These are only available through the use of confusable list.
Example: "paypal" can return “ραyραl” “ⱣaყⱣaι” “𝖕𝖆𝖞𝖕𝖆𝖑” “ρᴀүρᴀʟ”
List
Instead of comparing values one by one and creating long expressions, you can use lists to compare a variable against a list of String, Number, Regex or Confusable words.
There are 3 types of lists:
-image lists (using the fingerprint of an image)
-mixed list (using string, number or regex)
-confusable lists (comparing latin character with similar letters accross all alphabet and symbols).
If the list is using Regex the operator should be CONTAINS and not EQUALS.
Lists can either be defined inline in your expressions, or created and populated using the Implio user interface and then referred to in your expression by their name.
| Sample expression | Equivalent using an inline List | Equivalent using a named List |
|---|---|---|
| $ip EQUALS "24.8.52.249" OR $ip EQUALS "212.97.3.45" | $ip EQUALS ("24.8.52.249", "212.97.3.45") | $ip EQUALS @blacklistedUsers |
| $title CONTAINS "hello" OR $title CONTAINS "hallo" OR $title CONTAINS "ola" | $title CONTAINS ("hello", "hallo", "ola") | $title CONTAINS @greetings |
| $text CONTAINS /dog(s)?/ OR $text CONTAINS /cat(s)?/ | $text CONTAINS (/dog(s)?/, /cat(s)?/) | $text CONTAINS @animals |
| $body CONTAINS “hello” OR $body CONTAINS “bye” | $body CONTAINS ("hello", “bye”) | $body MATCH @greetings |
BLANG variables
The following section describes all the variables that can currently be accessed using BLANG.
Variables representing API input
The following variables correspond to fields specific in the API request payload.
| Variable | Description | Type | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| $title | Title of an item | String | "For sale" |
| $body | Body of an item | String | "It is really nice" |
| $text | Concatenation of the title and body of an item, with a line break separating them. | String | "For sale It is really nice" |
| First email address of the user posting the item | String | "test@besedo.com" | |
| $phoneNumber | First phone number of the user posting the item | String | "08-123 123 33" |
| $categoryName | Category name of the item | String | "Cars" |
| $categoryId | Category ID of the item | String | "cars", "vehicles-cars" or "22" |
| $price | Price of the item | Number | 1400 |
| $currency | ISO 4217 currency code | String | "EUR" |
| $type | Type of the item | String | "buy", "sell" or "rent" |
| $userId | Id of the user posting the item | String | "fjuki97" |
| $userName | Username of the user posting the item | String | "Fjodor Kiriakos" |
| $city | City name | String | "Stockholm" |
| $postalCode | Postal (zip) code | String | "12346" |
| $region | Region | String | "Stockholm" |
| $countryCode | Two-letter country code (ISO 3166-1 alpha-2) | String | "SE" |
| $ip | IP address of the user posting the ad | String | "127.0.0.1" |
| $status | Status of the item in your system | String | "published" |
| $images.count | Number of images that the item contains | Integer | 3 |
| $images.failCount | Number of item images that failed to be retrieved from the specified URL and therefore couldn't be processed | Integer | 0 |
| $videos.count | Number of videos that the item contains | Integer | 1 |
| $images.fingerprint | Image fingerprint (phash) calculated by implio to identify and compare images between each other. | String | "c6766953849aae6ba53cdd87e1b6342c6" |
Variables representing user's moderation history
The following variables contain statistics about the moderation history of the user (referred to by the user.id specified in the API request payload) to date.
| Variable | Description | Type | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| $user.itemCount | Number of items seen in Implio for that user to date. | Integer | 10 |
| $user.itemCount.1minute | Number of items seen in Implio for that user over the past minute (past 60 seconds). | Integer | 0 |
| $user.itemCount.1hour | Number of items seen in Implio for that user over the past hour (past 60 minutes). | Integer | 1 |
| $user.itemCount.1day | Number of items seen in Implio for that user over the past day (past 24 hours). | Integer | 4 |
| $user.itemCount.1week | Number of items seen in Implio for that user over the past day (past 7 days). | Integer | 10 |
| $user.itemCount.1month | Number of items seen in Implio for that user over the past month (past 30 days). | Integer | 34 |
| $user.itemCount.1year | Number of items seen in Implio for that user over the past month (past 12 months). | Integer | 60 |
| $user.decisionCount | Number of items with an Approved or Refused decision for that user to date. | Integer | 10 |
| $user.noDecisionCount | Number of items without a decision (No decision) for that user to date. | Integer | 0 |
|
$user.approvedCount $user.refusedCount |
Number of Approved (resp. Refused) decisions for that user to date. | Integer | 9 1 |
|
$user.approvedPercentage $user.refusedPercentage |
Percentage of Approved (resp. Refused) items over decision count for that user to date. | Integer | 90 10 |
|
$user.approvedStreak $user.refusedStreak |
Number of items last Approved (resp. Refused) in a row for that user to date. If the last decision is not Approved (resp. Refused), then $user.approvedStreak (resp. $user.refusedStreak) will necessarily have a null (0) value. |
Integer | 5 0 |
Variables augmented from input
Geolocation
The following variables allow you to leverage the built-in automatic geolocation of end users in your automation rules.
See How to locate end users using geolocation to learn more about geolocation and how to make use of it.
| Variable | Description | Type | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| $geoCity | Name of the city (in English) associated with the user's geolocation at the time of posting | String | "Stockholm" |
| $geoContinent | Name of the continent (in English) associated with the user's geolocation at the time of posting | String | "Europe" |
| $geoCountry | Name of the country (in English) associated with the user's geolocation at the time of posting | String | "Sweden" |
| $geoCountryCode | Two-letter country code (ISO 3166-1 alpha-2) associated with the user's geolocation at the time of posting | String | "SE" |
| $geoPostalCode | Postal code associated with the user's geolocation at the time of posting | String | "117 43" |
User agent
The following variables allow you to leverage information extracted from the user.agent field supplied in the API.
| Variable | Description | Type | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| $user.agent.device.type | Type of device | String | "mobile" |
| $user.agent.device.model | Device model | String | "Pixel 6" |
| $user.agent.device.brand | Device brand | String | "Google" |
| $user.agent.client.name | Client (browser or app) name | String | "Chrome" |
| $user.agent.os.family | Operating system family | String | "Android" |
| $user.agent.os.version | Operating system version | String | "13" |
| $user.agent.cpu.architecture | CPU architecture | String | "amd64" |
Deduplication
The following variables allow you to leverage the built-in duplicate detection capabilities of Implio in your automation rules.
See How to detect and moderate duplicate items to learn more about duplicate detection and how to make use of it.
| Variable | Description | Type | Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| $numberOfDuplicates | Number of text (title + body) duplicates across the entire Implio team | Integer | 3 |
| $images[N].duplicateCount | Number of image duplicates for image N across the entire Implio team | Integer | 7 |
| $images.duplicateCount | Combined number of image duplicates for all images in the item, across the entire Implio team. For instance, should an item have 2 images with $images[0].duplicateCount having a value of 7 and $images[1].duplicateCount having a value of 5, $images.duplicateCount will have a value of 12. |
Integer | 12 |
AI features (Text Vision & Image Vision)
Implio comes with a number of built-in models that allow you to make sense of user-generated text and images, and make them actionable via a number of variables.
These are documented here:
Customer-specific variables
In addition to the built-in variables listed above, it is also possible to send in custom parameters. A custom parameter must be prefixed with $$ to avoid naming collisions with present and future built-in variables.
Examples:
- $$fueltype
- $$facebookId
- $$longitude
Comparison operators
The following comparison operators are available in your expressions. These can be combined at will using logical operators (see next section).
| Left operand type | Operator | Right operand type(s) | Description (true if…) | Example |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| $variable | < | Number | Variable is less than Number. | $price < 1000 |
| $variable | <= | Number | Variable is less than or equal to Number. | $price <= 1000 |
| $variable | > | Number | Variable is greater than Number. | $price > 1000 |
| $variable | >= | Number | Variable is greater than or equal to Number. | $price >= 1000 |
| $variable | BETWEEN | Number range | Variable is in the Number range. | $price BETWEEN 100 - 200 |
| $variable | EQUALS | String, Number, Boolean | Variable is equal to value. | $price EQUALS 9.99 $categoryName EQUALS "Cars" |
| $variable | EQUALS | Text List | Variable is equal to one or more values in List. | $categoryName EQUALS ("Cars", "Electronics") |
| $variable | CONTAINS | String | Variable contains the String subsequence. See Word matching section below for more information about how strings are matched. |
$title CONTAINS "Certified" |
| $variable | CONTAINS | Regex | Variable matches the Regex. | $body CONTAINS /whatsapp/ |
| $variable | CONTAINS | Text List | Variable contains one or more String values in List, or matches one or more Regex in List. | $text CONTAINS ("CE", "Certificate", /conform/) $ip CONTAINS @blacklistedIPs |
| $variable | CONTAINS [x,y] | String, Regex, Text List | Variable contains or matches between x and y occurrences of String/Regex value(s). Either x or y can be omitted to specify only a lower or upper boundary. |
$text CONTAINS [3,] @badWords |
| $variable | CONTAINS {unique=true} [x,y] | Text List | Variable contains or matches between x and y unique occurrences of String/Regex values. | $body CONTAINS {unique=true} [2,] ("audi", "bmw", /mercedes(-benz)?/, "peugeot", "renault") |
| $variable | MATCH | Confusable List | Variable contains one or more String values in Confusable List, or matches one or more Regex in Confusable List. | $body MATCH @confusableList |
| $images.fingerprint | SIMILAR | Image List | Images are similar to a list of images. | $images.fingerprint SIMILAR @ScammerPicturesList |
Word boundaries
Word boundaries are respected for Strings, but not for Regular Expressions.
Examples
Given $text having a value of "Hello friend how are you?":
| Expression | Result |
|---|---|
| $text CONTAINS "friend" | true |
| $text CONTAINS "fri" | false |
| $text CONTAINS /fri/ | true |
Case sensitivity
String matches ignore case but Regular Expressions are case sensitive, unless the /i flag is specified.
Examples
Given $text having a value of "Hello friend how are you?":
| Expression | Result |
|---|---|
| $text CONTAINS "hello" | true |
| $text CONTAINS "HELLO" | true |
| $text CONTAINS /hello/ | false |
| $text CONTAINS /hello/i | true |
Logical operators
Expressions can be combined using AND and OR operators. The evaluation order can be prioritized using parentheses ( ).
By default, AND has a higher priority than OR. This mean that a OR b AND c will be evaluated as a OR (b AND c)
Expressions can also be negated using NOT.
Examples
- $categoryName EQUALS "Cars" AND $price < 1000
- $title EQUALS "hello" AND NOT ($body CONTAINS @badWords OR $body CONTAINS @contactInfo)
Operator negation
The following operators can be negated by adding NOT in front of them:
- NOT BETWEEN
- NOT EQUALS
- NOT CONTAINS
The following expressions are strictly equivalent:
| NOT ($price BETWEEN 0 - 10) | $price NOT BETWEEN 0-10 |
| NOT ($title EQUALS "hello") | $title NOT EQUALS "hello" |
| NOT ($body CONTAINS "whatsapp") | $body NOT CONTAINS "whatsapp" |
Other operators
Checking whether a variable is defined
You can check whether a variable is defined and has a value different from null, using the EXISTS operator.
It works both with built-in and customer-specific variables.
Examples
- EXISTS ($price)
- NOT EXISTS ($$fraudScore)
Testing the length of a string
You can test the length of a variable using the LENGTH operator.
It works both with built-in and customer-specific variables.
Examples
- LENGTH ($body) < 160
- LENGTH ($$myCustomField) > 0
Comparing variables
You can compare two variables by using them on both sides of the EQUALS operator.
Examples
- $title EQUALS $body
- $text.languageDetected NOT EQUALS $text.languageExpected
Comments
Expressions allow comments to be inserted using the # delimiter. Both line and inline comments are supported:
# This is a comment
$text CONTAINS /regex/ # This is another comment